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| D.Predictive Validity |
Predictive validity refers to the extent to which a test can be appropriately used to draw inferences regarding achievement. Empirical evidence in support of predictive validity must include a comparison of performance on the test being validated against performance on outside criteria.
A variety of measures are available as outside criteria. Grades, class rank, other tests, teacher ratings, and other criteria have been used. Each of these measures, have some restrictions and shortcomings.
Questions to ask are:
1. Is the score performance adequate?
2. On what is the predicative validity statistics based?
3. What is the overall predictive accuracy of the test? How accurate are predictions for individuals whose scores are close to cut-points of interest?
E. Content validity
The test measures content of interest.
Content validity reflects the relation between student’s skills and the subject matter of the tests.
Content validity will often be evaluated by an examination of the plan and procedures used in test construction. Did the test development procedure follow a rational approach that ensures
appropriate content? Did the process ensure that the collection of items would be representative of appropriate skills?
Questions to ask are:
1. Is the test subject matter reflects the skills of the test takers? What is the basis for selecting this set of skills? What kind of test pre-writing work was done to organize the proper test content?
2. Were the procedures used to generate test content and items consistent with the test specifications?
3. What was the construction of expert panels used in content validation? What was the judgment elicit process?
4. What is the correspondence degree of this test to the required one?
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